Apache2.2与tomcat7 集群配置

以前就对集群比较感兴趣，今天在网上收集资料，自己也尝试配置了一个demo。
准备环境：

• 安装Apache是http服务器，我们利用其对Tomcat进行负载均衡，我用的是apache2.2。
• 下载Tocmat7，我这里用的是tomcat-7.0.21

集群主要有两种方式：
1.mod_proxy_blancer方式

我这里的demo是两个tomcat7的集群。
首先将apache安装目录下的conf目录下的httpd.conf文件的下图中的注释去掉

然后再这个文件最后添加下列文字
#虚拟机配置,负载均衡配置

<VirtualHost *:8000>
	ServerAdmin [e-mail]
	ServerName localhost
	ServerAlias localhost
	#小心，有些地方要有空格，要不然会出错哈哈。
	ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID|jsessionid nofailover=On
	ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/
	#ErrorLog "logs/error.log"
	#CustomLog "logs/access.log" common
</VirtualHost> 

#The ProxyRequests directive should usually be set off when using ProxyPass.
ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer://cluster>
	BalancerMember ajp://localhost:8009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat7_a  smax=5 max=20 ttl=120 retry=300 timeout=15
	BalancerMember ajp://localhost:9009 loadfactor=1 route=tomcat7_b  smax=5 max=20 ttl=120 retry=300 timeout=15
	# status=+H为配置热备，当所有机器都over时，才会请求该机器
	#BalancerMember http://192.168.1.218:8009 status=+H
	ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
</proxy>

在这里特别注意的是httpd.conf文件编码一定是utf-8 ,要不然apache启动不了。
<VirtualHost *:8000>，虚拟的主页，访问时：http://localhost:8000/项目名
ajp://localhost:8009 ,一个tomcat的，8009为ajp端口
ajp://localhost:9009，另外一个一个tomcat的，9009为ajp端口
route=tomcat7_a，其中的一个tomcat
route=tomcat7_a，另外一个tomcat

最后修改tomcat的confmuluxia的server.xml配置文件件
tomcat7_a的server.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>
  <Service name="Catalina">
    <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
               connectionTimeout="20000" 
               redirectPort="8443" />
    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"   jvmRoute="tomcat7_a">
	 <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
                 channelSendOptions="8">

          <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

          <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
            <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
                        address="228.0.0.4"
                        port="45564"
                        frequency="500"
                        dropTime="3000"/>

            <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
                      address="auto"
                      port="4000"
                      autoBind="100"
                      selectorTimeout="5000"
                      maxThreads="6"/>

            <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
              <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
            </Sender>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
          </Channel>

          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
                 filter=""/>
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

          <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
                    watchEnabled="false"/>

          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
        </Cluster>
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

由于我是在同一台机器上搭建的两个tomcat集群，故端口不能有冲突,如果不是的话就不需要修改了端口。
下面是tomcat7_b的配置文件

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>
  <Service name="Catalina">
 
    <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
               connectionTimeout="20000" 
               redirectPort="8443" />
    <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"   jvmRoute="tomcat7_b">
	 <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
                 channelSendOptions="8">

          <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

          <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
            <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
                        address="228.0.0.4"
                        port="45564"
                        frequency="500"
                        dropTime="3000"/>

            <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
                      address="auto"
                      port="4001"
                      autoBind="100"
                      selectorTimeout="5000"
                      maxThreads="6"/>

            <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
              <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
            </Sender>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
          </Channel>

          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
                 filter=""/>
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

          <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
                    watchEnabled="false"/>

          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
        </Cluster>
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

配置就大告成功了，我发布的项目是cluster，访问只需要访问http://localhost:8000/cluster/testCluster.jsp.

二、利用mod_jk集群
首先要下载mod_jk.so，我附件中与apache2.2匹配的。
详细说我就不说了，我就贴出配置文件吧
apache安装目录的conf目录结构，没有就创建文件

在httpd.conf开头添加这句：

# 监听端口和监听地址
Listen 8000

在httpd.conf最后添加以下文字：

Include conf/mod_jk.conf

mod_jk.conf文件内容:

# Load mod_jk module
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
# Where to find workers.properties
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
# Where to put jk logs
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
# Set the jk log level [debug/error/info]
JkLogLevel info
# Select the log format
JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y] "
# JkOptions indicate to send SSL KEY SIZE,
JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories
# JkRequestLogFormat set the request format
JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"
# Send servlet for context /examples to worker named ajp13
#JkMount /servlet/* controller
# Send JSPs for context /examples to worker named ajp13
JkMount /* controller

workers.properties文件内容:

#========controller,负载均衡控制器========  
worker.list=controller,tomcat7_a,tomcat7_b 
worker.controller.type=lb  

#========tomcat7_a========  
worker.tomcat7_a.port=8009        
#ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配  置,默认8009  
worker.tomcat7_a.host=localhost  
#tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址  
worker.tomcat7_a.type=ajp13  
worker.tomcat7_a.lbfactor = 1   
#server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多  

#========tomcat7_b========  
worker.tomcat7_b.port=9009       
#ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,  
worker.tomcat7_b.host=localhost 
#tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址  
worker.tomcat7_b.type=ajp13  
worker.tomcat7_b.lbfactor = 1   
#server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多  


worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat7_a,tomcat7_b 
#指定分担请求的tomcat  
worker.controller.sticky_session=false 
#worker.controller.sticky_session=1  

tomcat那部分的与上面第一种方法配置一样就就行了，运行方式也一样。